勇敢面對死亡的男人 Vibbhantabhikkhu Vatthu
Vibbhantabhikkhu Vatthu
Dhammapada Verse 344
Yo nibbanatho vanadhimutto
vanamutto vanameva dhavati
tam puggalametha passatha
mutto bandhanameva dhavati.
Verse 344: Having left the forest of desire (i.e., the life of a householder), he takes to the forest of the practice (i.e., the life of a bhikkhu); but when he is free from the forest of desire he rushes back to that very forest. Come, look at that man who having become free rushes back into that very bondage.
The Story of an Ex-Bhikkhu
While residing at the Veluvana monastery, the Buddha uttered Verse (344) of this book, with reference to a bhikkhu who was a pupil of the Venerable Mahakassapa.
As a pupil of the Venerable Mahakassapa, this bhikkhu had achieved the four mental absorptions (jhanas). But one day, as he went for alms-food to his uncle's house, he saw a woman and felt a great desire to have her. Then he left the Order of the bhikkhus. As a layman, he was a failure as he did not work hard. So, his uncle drove him out of the house, and subsequently he became mixed up with some thieves. All of them were caught by the authorities and were taken to the cemetery to be executed. The Venerable Mahakassapa saw his pupil as he was being led out and said to him, "My pupil, keep your mind steadfastly on a subject of meditation." As instructed, he concentrated and let himself be established in deep mental absorption. At the cemetery, while the executioners were making preparations to kill him, the ex-bhikkhu was very much composed and showed no signs of fear or anxiety. The executioners and the onlookers were awe-struck and very much impressed by the man's courage and composure and they reported about him to the king and also to the Buddha. The king gave orders to release the man. The Buddha on hearing about the matter sent his radiance and appeared to the thief as if in person.
Then the Buddha spoke to him in verse as follows:
| Verse 344: Having left the forest of desire (i.e., the life of a householder), he takes to the forest of the practice (i.e., the life of a bhikkhu); but when he is free from the forest of desire he rushes back to that very forest. Come, look at that man who having become free rushes back into that very bondage. |
At the end of the discourse, the thief who was steadfastly keeping his mind on the arising and perishing of the aggregates discerned the impermanent, unsatisfactory and non-self nature of all conditioned things and soon attained Sotapatti Fruition. Later, he went to the Buddha at the Jetavana monastery where he was again admitted to the Order by the Buddha and he instantly attained arahatship.
勇敢面對死亡的男人
離開欲望的叢林(世間的生活),加入修行的叢林(出家為比丘);一旦脫離世間的生活,卻又返回欲望的叢林(出家後又還俗),看啊!這位脫離繫縛,卻又回頭再受繫縛的人。(偈344)
大迦葉尊者的一位弟子已經證得四禪,有一天,他在金匠叔叔的家中看見一些非常美麗的東西,而生起非常的愛戀,就還俗離開僧伽。但他十分懶惰,不努力工作,終於被叔叔趕出去,於是淪落為小偷(註)。後來,他被政府逮捕,準備送往墓園去處決。這時候,大迦葉尊者看見這位以前的弟子,就告誡他:「收攝你的心念,堅定地觀想某一目標。」他遵照大迦葉尊者的教誨,繫念在前。
到達墓園時,行刑官員告訴他:「我們要處決你了。」就開始做各種準備工作。儘管馬上就要被處決了,他絲毫不恐懼或焦慮,只是靜靜坐下來,進入禪定,忘掉即將來臨的危難。
執行的人對他沉著的態度和勇氣,十分欽佩,就說:「看看這小偷,雖然馬上就要被處決了,仍然不恐懼顫慄。從來沒遇見這樣的人,他實在非常勇敢。」
執行的人覺得最好向國王報告這小偷異乎尋常的舉止,他們就向國王報告,國王也因此下令釋放他。
佛陀知道這件事後,就放光勸誡他:「你以前離開欲望的叢林(世間的生活),加入修行的叢林(出家為比丘),但去除叢林的欲望後,卻又惹上所有的束縛。」
佛陀又說:「清淨你的內心,不要有任何精神上的煩惱,連根拔起欲望的根,清淨自在吧!」
這小偷於是堅定地察覺因緣和合事物的生滅和無常、苦、空的性質,不久之後就證得初果。
後來,他到竹林精舍向佛陀頂禮問訊,也在佛陀的允許下,重新加入僧伽,並且在佛陀更進一步的教導下,很快就證得阿羅漢果。
備註:
證禪定的人仍可能有貪欲,而利用他們的能力去造做惡業。
‧摘錄自‧《法句經‧故事集》達摩難陀法師著
Daily Reading of Buddhist Scriptures 每日讀佛經 ཉིན་རེར་དམ་ཆོས་ཀློག་པ། 28 December 2020 (最新/Most Updated)
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhasa(x3)
Dhammapada
《法句經》
ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཚིགས་སུ་བཅད་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་མདོ་བཞུགས་སོ། །
24. Taṇhāvagga
Chapter Twenty Four Craving
第二十四章 愛欲
ཉེར་བཞི་པ་སྲེད་པའི་ལེའུ།
344. Yo nibbanatho vanādhimutto,
vanamutto vanameva dhāvati;
Taṃ puggalametha passatha,
mutto bandhanameva dhāvati.
344. There is one who, turning away from desire (for household life) takes to the life of the forest (i.e., of a monk). But after being freed from the household, he runs back to it. Behold that man! Though freed, he runs back to that very bondage!
[Note: This verse, in the original, puns with the Pali word vana meaning both "desire" and "forest."]
344.有些人,離開愛欲之林[1],進入修行之林[2],不久之後,又匆匆走回愛欲之林。來啊!看看這些剛剛解脫又自投羅網的人吧!
【註釋】
[1]愛欲之林:喻俗家生活。
[2]修行之林:喻出家生活。
344.有些人,离开爱欲之林[1],进入修行之林[2],不久之后,又匆匆走回爱欲之林。来啊!看看这些刚刚解脱又自投罗网的人吧!
【注释】
[1]爱欲之林:喻俗家生活。
[2]修行之林:喻出家生活。
༣༤༤༽ གང་ཞིག་འདོད་པ་ལས་འབྲོས་ནས། །ནགས་ཀྱི་ནང་དུ་འཚོ་བར་བྱེད། །འོན་ཀྱང་ཁྱིམ་ལས་ཐར་གྱུར་ནས། །སླར་ཡང་དེ་ཉིད་དུ་ནི་རྒྱུགས། །ཐར་ནས་འཆིང་བ་དེ་ཉིད་ལ། །ལོག་པའི་གང་ཟག་དེ་ལ་ལྟོས། །
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